Irritable bowel syndrome, or IBS, is a digestive disorder estimated to affect 20 percent of the adult population in the U.S. The frequency and severity of symptoms people with irritable bowel syndrome experience varies greatly. IBS can be disruptive and painful, but it doesn't have the serious risks associated with digestive diseases like Crohn's or ulcerative colitis.
Causes
The causes of irritable bowel syndrome are unknown. Symptoms result from excessive contractions of intestinal muscles during digestion. Those with IBS have different symptom triggers, including certain foods (often dairy or acidic products), stress and minor illnesses.
Symptoms
People with irritable bowel syndrome generally experience some or all of the following symptoms to varying degrees: cramps or pain in the abdomen, flatulence, diarrhea, constipation, bloating and mucous in the stool.
Diagnosis
IBS is a syndrome, not a disease, because there is no definitive confirmation. The diagnosis is made based on a patient's account of symptoms and a physical exam. Criteria for diagnoses include abdominal pain and two or more of the aforementioned symptoms ongoing for at least three months.
Complications
Irritable bowel syndrome can irritate hemorrhoids but generally has no complications beyond disruption of daily activities. These disruptions can, however, lead to depression. Also, forgoing certain foods to avoid symptoms can lead to nutritional deficiencies.
Treatment
There is no cure for IBS, but symptoms are manageable with lifestyle changes, supplements and pharmaceutical or herbal treatments. Changes in diet and stress management often help. Fiber supplements, avoiding greasy or gas-inducing foods, anti-diarrheal medications and antidepressants are common methods of treatment.
Tags: bowel syndrome, irritable bowel, bowel syndrome, certain foods, irritable bowel syndrome, with irritable