Glioblastoma brain tumors are a part of the family of tumors called astrocytomas, which form from star-shaped supportive cells in the brain. Glioblastomas are the most malignant form of astrocytomas. According to the International RadioSurgery Association, 50 percent of all astrocytoma tumors diagnosed are glioblastomas. The association also states that 13,000 people die from malignant brain tumors each year, with 23 percent of this number having glioblastomas. Men are more prone to this type of brain tumor than women. Other names for glioblastoma brain tumors are glioblastoma multiforme, grade IV astrocytoma and GBM.
Cause
The cause of most brain tumors is unknown. One reason that is known for brain tumors is changes to the genetic structure of the brain. These structural changes are either inherited or caused by environmental factors. Sometimes a combination of both factors is responsible. Genes that are mutated or missing lead to abnormal cells that multiply if malignant. Certain chemicals, radiation therapy, viruses and electromagnetic fields are environmental factors connected with the development of brain tumors. The International RadioSurgery Association states that 5 percent of primary brain tumors are caused from inherited genes only.
Symptoms
Symptoms associated with glioblastoma brain tumors include headache, dizziness, behavioral changes, memory loss and seizures. Other symptoms include abnormal pulse or breathing rates, walking and speaking problems, problems with eyesight such as double vision, and vomiting.
Diagnosis
A brain tumor is diagnosed with a neurological exam and MRI, CAT scan or both. A CAT scan with and without dye will probably be done to determine the tumor's size and location. A magnetic resonance spectroscopy may also be run to measure the mineral and chemical levels in the tumor. The results can help determine if the tumor is malignant or not, but a definitive diagnosis of malignancy is only possible after direct microscopic examination.
Treatment
The first option for treating glioblastoma brain tumors is most often surgery to remove as much of the tumor as possible, make a definitive diagnosis and reduce pressure on the brain. After surgery, radiation therapy to kill any cancer cells in the remaining tumor and surrounding area, and chemotherapy to kill cancer cells or alter the cells either stop growth or make cancer cells act and look like normal cells, are also employed.
Considerations
Glioblastoma brain tumors can happen to people of any age, but those over 50 are more susceptible.
Tags: brain tumors, cancer cells, definitive diagnosis, determine tumor, environmental factors, Glioblastoma brain