One type of bitters, orange, is used to flavor martinis.
Bitters have a long and interesting history. The use of bitters began as early as the 19th century, then progressed to being used in drinks in the early 20th century. Still used today in a variety of ways, bitters may not be on every person's radar, but a dash here and there can provide flavor to foods and drinks and, according to some, offer health benefits as well.
Definition
Bitters is a liquid that is made of any number of herbs and citrus extracts. This liquid was very popular before Prohibition in the U.S. and was used in the very first cocktails to provide a complex flavor. Before its use in alcoholic drinks, it was sold in drug stores as an herbal remedy, although science has yet to prove its beneficial effects. There are essentially three basic kinds of bitters, aromatic, orange and herbal. Beyond that, there are dozens, if not hundreds of sub-varieties. The name "bitters" derives from the bitter taste the liquid has on its own. The bitters bottle usually has a very small slit or hole at the top to let out only a drop at a time. In recipes, a "dash" of bitters is one drop from the bottle.
Food and Aromatic Bitters
Before Prohibition, bitters were sold in drug stores everywhere and were commonly used products. After Prohibition, only a few producers remained. Aromatic bitters can be used in a variety of ways. A few dashes on vanilla ice cream, in coffee or your grapefruit juice adds flavor. Bitters are also included in recipes to add a flavor element to common dishes such as beef goulash, braised pork, chocolate brownies and tacos.
Drinks and bitters
The most likely place you will see bitters today is on the drink menu of a restaurant serving cocktails from past decades. While there are thousands of cocktail recipes that include bitters, there are a couple of drinks that have traditionally had bitters in their essential makeup. One such drink is an old fashioned, which is whiskey, sugar, bitters and water. Another classic is the Manhattan, a combination of vermouth, rye whiskey and bitters.
Herbal Remedies
While there is little to no scientific evidence to back up health claims, some herbalists recommend bitters as a tonic to improve health, especially relating to digestion. According to the Even Star website, bitters can reduce stress, increase and stabilize the appetite and stabilize blood sugar. While bitters will not likely have negative side effects, you should consult your doctor before you begin any health regimen.
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