Irritable bowel syndrome, also known as IBS, is a disorder with an unknown cause that affects the colon, or large intestine. The disorder is not contagious nor does it lead to a more serious disease such as cancer. Symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome can cause a good deal of distress and discomfort, but by managing your diet and lifestyle you may be able to control symptoms.
Causes
While no specific reason is known to cause irritable bowel syndrome, it is believed to be associated with a sensitive colon that reacts to certain foods and stress. Women are more prone to have IBS so hormones may also play a part. Some cases of IBS have occurred after an episode of gastroenteritis. The nervous system may cause a mis-communication between the brain and colon causing the colon to move food too fast or too slow causing symptoms.
Symptoms
Symptoms of IBS include abdominal pain and cramping typically relieved after bowel movements, gas, bloating, diarrhea and constipation that alternate and mucus in the stool. These symptoms may be mild and can come and go.
Diagnosis
Your doctor will perform tests to rule out other medical conditions such as a colonoscopy, lactose intolerance tests and a CT scan. When these tests do not indicate a more serious problem, your doctor will diagnose your condition based on your symptoms. For a diagnosis of IBS, you will need to have had abdominal pain and bloating over a 12 week period or longer. These weeks do not have to be consecutive weeks. Then, you must have two of the following symptoms which include mucus in your stool, abdominal distension or bloating, a feeling you cannot empty your bowels completely and a change in your stool from day to day, for instance regular stools one day, then loose stools for several days.
Medical Treatment
Over the counter medications such as Imodium can help control diarrhea. Fiber supplements such as Metamucil can aid in constipation. Anticholinergic medications relieve bowel spasms by affecting the autonomic nervous system. Antidepressant medications such as Prozac may help inhibit brain neurons that influence the intestines and with stress that can contribute to IBS.
Lifestyle Changes
Limit alcohol and drinks with caffeine as they stimulate your intestines and also carbonated drink as they cause gas. Drink plenty of water to avoid constipation. Avoid foods that produce gas and bloating such as cabbage, beans, broccoli and dairy products. Eat at regular times to help regulate bowels and eat smaller meals more often to avoid diarrhea. Start a regular exercise routine as it helps your intestines to function normally. Always consult your doctor on any new exercise routine or new medications.
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