Multiple myeloma is a cancer that affects the plasma cells of bone marrow. There is no definitive cause, however, it may be genetic in nature, according to the Mayo Clinic. Treatment is varied, and is typically only necessary when symptoms are present.
Function
Multiple myeloma occurs when myeloma, a single abnormal plasma cell responsible for making proteins, rapidly multiplies. This multiplication results in an excess of plasma cells that eventually take over healthy cells and cause a variety of symptoms.
Symptoms
Not everyone with multiple myeloma will experience symptoms, and they are different for each individual with the disease. Symptoms can include: bone pain, weight loss, fatigue, infection, nausea, constipation and confusion.
Treatment
There is no cure for multiple myeloma, however, there are ways to control it. Treatment includes medications, such as bortezomib and thalidomide, as well as stem cell transplants and standard cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Prognosis
Multiple myeloma is not always fatal, and prognosis depends on the severity of the condition and the age of the individual affected.
Complications
If left untreated, multiple myeloma can compromise the immune system, weaken bones, cause anemia and impair the normal function of kidneys.
Tags: Multiple myeloma, plasma cells