American Stroke Association Guidelines
The American Stroke Association defines a stroke as a disease that impacts arteries connected to the brain and causes the disabling of various parts of the body. A stroke strikes when a blood vessel that transports nutrients and oxygen to the brain bursts or is blocked. Sudden warning signals include: the face, arm or leg becomes numb or weak mostly on one side; mental confusion, dizziness and loss of coordination; or balance and severe headaches appearing without cause.
When a Stroke Occurs
Call 911 immediately if you or someone with you appears to have the symptoms of stroke. Check the time that the warning signs first occurred. This is vital as doctors may treat you with a drug that breaks up clots called "tissue plasminogen activator" (tPA) within three hours of the onset of the stroke. You may have experienced a "mini stroke" or "warning stroke" that has similar symptoms but does not cause lasting damage. This condition, known as transient ischemic attack or TIA, needs to be identified and treated by a doctor to reduce the danger of having a major stroke.
After the Stroke
Make changes needed to relearn skills and establish a new way of living through rehabilitation, a vital part of recovery from a stroke. Rehabilitation teaches you live independently. Expect that you will face challenges common to stroke survivors such as muscles being stiff and tight, seizures, paralysis and exhaustion. A stroke may affect your ability to communicate, read and write. It impacts your emotions and behavior. Encourage your family caregivers to take care of themselves while they are taking care of you. A stroke can also have a devastating effect on the family's financial situation.
Recommendations
Reach out for support. The American Stroke Association has a toll free number, 1-888-4-STROKE, that provides a chance to express your feelings and provides useful information. There are various support groups available. Eat a nutritious diet and exercise regularly. Take your medication as prescribed by your physician. Learn to recognize the signs of stroke and TIA and seek immediate medical attention when needed.
Risk Factors
Manage medical conditions under a doctor's supervision such as high blood pressure, diabetes, artery disease, heart problems, high cholesterol and certain blood disorders as they increase your risk of stroke. You are much more likely to have a stroke if you are obese, physically inactive, drinking alcohol excessively or using illegal drugs. Your chances of having a stroke are increased if you had a previous heart attack or stroke or a family member has had one. Your risk also increases as you age.
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